Types of connecting parts of the pipeline

The pipeline is a complex system. In order to ensure a change in the direction of pipes, as well as the connection of pipes of different cross-sections, the creation of branches and the installation of additional devices, connecting parts — fittings are used.

The most used fittings are:

• tees;
• transitions;
• taps;
• flanges;
• stubs.

All elements must comply with state standards and be used for their intended purpose.

Tees

They are used to branch the pipeline in one direction. They are often made of carbon steel. They differ depending on where they cut into and to which pipelines they are installed.

The main varieties: welded and stamped. Welded products have a seam, which makes them more vulnerable. Stamped tees are devoid of seams, they are more durable and durable — this type is preferred where it is necessary to ensure the reliability of the pipeline, since a hole is made for tapping this, which weakens the system.

Transitions

They are used to connect pipes of various diameters. They are divided into concentric and eccentric, as well as welded and stamped.
Concentric junctions are installed on vertical pipes. The eccentric ones are needed for horizontal pipeline systems. Among welded and stamped products, stamped ones have greater strength. Their advantage is the absence of irregularities on the inside, the strength and accuracy of the connection.

Taps

They are used to connect pipes at an angle. This avoids bending of the pipes and speeds up the installation of the pipeline. It is recommended to use bends when there are no too steep bends. The main drawback is that they are joined by welding, which makes it difficult to dismantle.

Flanges

They are used to connect pipes. Are divided into:

• flanges with a spike;
• with a groove;
• with a hollow;
• with a ledge.

Depending on the type, the tightness and strength change. However, the higher the tightness, the harder it is to dismantle the flange. By means of flanges, not only pipes are connected, but also reinforcement elements, for example, cast wedge valves.

Stubs

They are used for hermetically closing the ends of the pipeline. The most durable option is an elliptical type plug, characterized by increased resistance in corrosive environments.